{"id":271,"date":"2025-08-25T16:41:35","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T08:41:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/?p=271"},"modified":"2025-11-24T16:38:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T08:38:04","slug":"linux%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e4%bf%a1%e5%8f%b7%ef%bc%881%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/?p=271","title":{"rendered":"linux\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7\uff081\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1.Linux\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n


Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08Signal\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u77e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#include \n#include \nint main(){\nwhile(true){\nstd::cout << \"I am a process, I am waiting signal!\" << std::endl;sleep(1);\n}\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6309\u4e0bctrl+c\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u4e3a\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fdb\u2f7d\u5f15\u8d77\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u90fd\u6709\u2f00\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7\u548c\u2f00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u540d\u79f0,\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728signal.h\u4e2d\u627e\u5230,\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7f16\u53f734\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u4fe1\u53f7,\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u8ba8\u8bba\u7f16\u53f734\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7,\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b9e\u65f6\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7\u5404\u2f83\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4ea7\u2f63,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48,\u5728signal(7)\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e: man 7 signal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u79cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5ffd\u7565\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void handler(int signumber)\n{\nstd::cout << \"\u6211\u662f: \" << getpid() << \", \u6211\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u2f00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7: \" << signumber\n<< std::endl;\n} \nint main()\n{\nstd::cout << \"\u6211\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b: \" << getpid() << std::endl;\nsignal(SIGINT\/*2*\/, SIG_IGN); \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5ffd\u7565\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5b8f\nwhile(true){\nstd::cout << \"I am a process, I am waiting signal!\" << std::endl;\nsleep(1);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6267\u2f8f\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
signal(SIGINT\/*2*\/, SIG_DFL);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u63d0\u4f9b\u2f00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570,\u8981\u6c42\u5185\u6838\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u5230\u2f64\u2f3e\u6001\u6267\u2f8f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570,\u8fd9\u79cd\u2f45\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a\u2f83\u5b9a\u4e49\u6355\u6349(Catch)\u2f00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
signal(SIGINT\/*2*\/, handler);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u63a5\u53e3signal():<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c. \u4ea7\u2f63\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
1.\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u6309\u952e\u4ea7\u2f63\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
ctrl+c\u5df2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ctrl+Z\uff08SIGTSTP\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u505c\u2f4c\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u7b49\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ctrl+\\\uff08SIGQUIT\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u7ec8\u2f4c\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e76\u2f63\u6210core dump\u2f42\u4ef6\uff0c\u2f64\u4e8e\u4e8b\u540e\u8c03\u8bd5\uff08\u540e\u2faf\u8be6\u8c08\uff09
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u8c03\u2f64\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7<\/strong>
kill <\/strong>-SIGSEGV pid \u5411\u7cfb\u7edf\u6807\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea7\u751f\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
kill \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u2f00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684kill\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\n#include \n#include \n#include \n#include \n\/\/ mykill -signumber pid\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])\n{\nif(argc != 3)\n{\nstd::cerr << \"Usage: \" << argv[0] << \" -signumber pid\" << std::endl;\nreturn 1;\n} i\nnt number = std::stoi(argv[1]+1); \/\/ \u53bb\u6389-\npid_t pid = std::stoi(argv[2]);\nint n = kill(pid, number);\nreturn n;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
raise\uff1a<\/strong>raise \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7(\u2f83\u2f30\u7ed9\u2f83\u2f30\u53d1\u4fe1\u53f7)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void handler(int signumber){\n\/\/ \u6574\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u2f00\u5904\u6253\u5370\nstd::cout << \"\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u2f00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7: \" << signumber << std::endl;} \/\/ mykill -signumber pid\nint main(){\nsignal(2, handler); \/\/ \u5148\u5bf92\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u2f8f\u6355\u6349\n\/\/ \u6bcf\u96941S\uff0c\u2f83\u2f30\u7ed9\u2f83\u2f30\u53d1\u90012\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\nwhile(true)\n{\nsleep(1);\nraise(2);\n}}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
abort \u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u2f7d\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u2f4c\u3002<\/strong>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
void handler(int signumber)\n{\n\/\/ \u6574\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u2f00\u5904\u6253\u5370\nstd::cout << \"\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u2f00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7: \" << signumber << std::endl;\n} \/\n\/ mykill -signumber pid\nint main()\n{\nsignal(SIGABRT, handler);\nwhile(true)\n{\nsleep(1);\nabort();\n}\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u7531\u8f6f\u6761\u4ef6\u4ea7\u751f\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u2f63\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u8d85\u65f6\uff08\u5982alarm\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u8fbe\uff09\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\uff08\u5982\u5411\u5df2\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u5199\u6570\u636e\u4ea7\u2f63\u7684SIGPIPE\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u2f9c\u65f6\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5411\u76f8\u5173\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u901a\u77e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u2f8f\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7b80\u2f7d\u2f94\u4e4b\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u56e0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u8f6f\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u2f7d\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u2f63\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
alarm \u51fd\u6570 \u548c SIGALRM \u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
alarm\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u8c03\u2f64 alarm \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u2f00\u4e2a\u95f9\u949f,\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u5185\u6838\u5728 seconds \u79d2\u4e4b\u540e\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1SIGALRM \u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u662f\u7ec8\u2f4c\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f0\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002\u6253\u4e2a\u2f50\u2f45,\u67d0\u2f08\u8981\u2f29\u7761\u2f00\u89c9,\u8bbe\u5b9a\u95f9\u949f\u4e3a30\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u540e\u54cd,20\u5206\u949f\u540e\u88ab\u2f08\u5435\u9192\u4e86,\u8fd8\u60f3\u591a\u7761\u2f00\u4f1a\u2f09,\u4e8e\u662f\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u5b9a\u95f9\u949f\u4e3a15\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u540e\u54cd,\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u5c31\u662f10\u5206\u949f\u3002\u5982\u679cseconds\u503c\u4e3a0,\u8868\u2f70\u53d6\u6d88\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f,\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u95f9\u949f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u79d2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ed6\u5bf9io\u7684\u6548\u7387\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#include \n#include \n#include \nint main()\n{\nint count = 0;\nalarm(1);\nwhile(true)\n{\nstd::cout << \"count : \"\n<< count << std::endl;\ncount++;\n} r\neturn 0;\n}\n\u4f7f\u7528alarm\uff1a\n#include \n#include \n#include \nint count = 0;\nvoid handler(int signumber)\n{\nstd::cout << \"count : \" <<\ncount << std::endl;\nexit(0);\n} i\nnt main()\n{\nsignal(SIGALRM, handler);\nalarm(1);\nwhile (true)\n{\ncount++;\n} \nreturn 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.count : 107148 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.count : 492333713

<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u786c\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u4ea7\u2f63\u4fe1\u53f7 <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u786c\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u786c\u4ef6\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u2f45\u5f0f\u88ab\u786c\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u5185\u6838,\u7136\u540e\u5185\u6838\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u2f8f\u4e86\u9664\u4ee50\u7684\u6307\u4ee4, CPU\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u5355\u5143\u4f1a\u4ea7\u2f63\u5f02\u5e38, \u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3aSIGFPE\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u518d\u2f50\u5982\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u2fae\u6cd5\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740, MMU\u4f1a\u4ea7\u2f63\u5f02\u5e38,\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3aSIGSEGV\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u96640
2.\u91ce\u6307\u9488
\u6211\u4eec\u5728C\/C++\u5f53\u4e2d\u9664\u96f6\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u8d8a\u754c\u7b49\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u2faf\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3002
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u5c31\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u6307\u51fa\uff01\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1.Linux\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5 Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08Signal\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u77e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=271"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":847,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/271\/revisions\/847"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}