{"id":302,"date":"2025-09-07T14:41:28","date_gmt":"2025-09-07T06:41:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/?p=302"},"modified":"2025-11-24T16:37:24","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T08:37:24","slug":"%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e4%ba%92%e6%96%a5%e4%b8%8e%e5%90%8c%e6%ad%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/?p=302","title":{"rendered":"\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e92\u65a5\u4e0e\u540c\u6b65"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5171\u4eab\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u529b\u6d41\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u4f5c\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u4e34\u754c\u533a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

#include \n#include \n#include \n#include \n#include \nint ticket = 100;\nvoid *route(void *arg)\n{\n\tchar *id = (char*)arg;\n\twhile ( 1 ) {\n\t\tif ( ticket > 0 ) {\n\t\t\tusleep(1000);\n\t\t\tprintf(\"%s sells ticket:%d\\n\", id, ticket);\n\t\t\tticket--;\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n}\nint main( void )\n{\n\tpthread_t t1, t2, t3, t4;\n\tpthread_create(&t1, NULL, route, (void*)\"thread 1\");\n\tpthread_create(&t2, NULL, route, (void*)\"thread 2\");\n\tpthread_create(&t3, NULL, route, (void*)\"thread 3\");\n\tpthread_create(&t4, NULL, route, (void*)\"thread 4\");\n\tpthread_join(t1, NULL);\n\tpthread_join(t2, NULL);\n\tpthread_join(t3, NULL);\n\tpthread_join(t4, NULL);\n} \n\u4e00\u6b21\u6267\u2f8f\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\nthread 4 sells ticket:100\n\t...\n\tthread 4 sells ticket:1\n\tthread 2 sells ticket:0\n\tthread 1 sells ticket:-1\n\tthread 3 sells ticket:-2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7968\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u8d1f\u6570\u4e86
\u6240\u4ee5\u4e92\u65a5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u4e92\u65a5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6709\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u754c\u533a\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u8d77\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f5c\u7528
\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f15\u5165\u9501\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9501<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u9501\u4e5f\u662fpthread\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u9501<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u9759\u6001\u5206\u914d:
pthread_mutex_t mutex=PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
2\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *restrict attr);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53c2\u6570\uff1a
mutex\uff1a\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u4e92\u65a5\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
attr\uff1aNULL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u9501\uff1aint pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)\uff1b
\u4f7f\u7528\u9501<\/strong>
\u52a0\u9501\uff1a\u7ade\u4e89\u7533\u8bf7\u9501\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\u88ab\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7533\u8bf7\u9501\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6210\u529f\uff1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5931\u8d25\uff1a\u963b\u585e\u6302\u8d77\u7533\u8bf7\u6267\u884c\u6d41<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u52a0\u9501\u4e0e\u89e3\u9501\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd4\u56de\u503c:\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de0,\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u53f7
int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);\u7533\u8bf7\u975e\u963b\u585e\u7248\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9501\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4ee3\u7801\u7531\u5e76\u884c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e32\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9501\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u949f\u4e2d\u65ad<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u662f\u4f9b\u4e86swap\u6216exchange\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u628a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u4ea4\u6362<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u4eec\u7528swap,exchange\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u5230cpu\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u68c0\u6d4bal\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u770b\u662f\u5426>0,\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8ba9\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u53bb\u5207\u6362\u56de\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u53bb\u5c01\u88c5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#pragma once\n#include\n#include\nnamespace MutexMudole{\n    class Mutex{\n        private:\n        pthread_mutex_t mutex;\n        public:\n        Mutex(){\n            pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);\n        }\n        ~Mutex(){\n            pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);\n        }\n        void Lock(){\n            pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);\n        }\n        void UnLock(){\n            pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);\n        }\n    };\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u91ca\u653e\u5462\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u9501\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0b\u9762\u9700\u6c42<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class LockGuard{\n        public:\n        LockGuard(Mutex& mutex):mutex_(mutex){\n            mutex_.Lock();\n        }\n        ~LockGuard(){\n            mutex_.UnLock();\n        }\n        private:\n        Mutex& mutex_;\n    };<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\uff08\u4e0b\u9762\uff09,\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a0\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#include \n#include \n#include \n#include \n#include\n#include\n#include \n#include\"Mutex.hpp\"\nusing namespace MutexMudole;\n\/\/pthread_mutex_t lock=PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;\nint ticket = 100;\nclass ThreadData{\n    public:\n    std::string name;\n    Mutex *lockp;\n    ThreadData(const std::string& name,Mutex &lockp):name(name),lockp(&lockp) {}\n};\nvoid *route(void *arg)\n{\n\tThreadData *td=(ThreadData*)arg;\n\twhile ( 1 ) {\n\t\tLockGuard guard(*td->lock);\/\/\u52a0\u9501\u5b8c\u6210\u3002RAII\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\n\t\tif ( ticket > 0 ) {\n\t\t\tusleep(1000);\n\t\t\tprintf(\"%s sells ticket:%d\\n\", td->name.c_str(), ticket);\n\t\t\tticket--;\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tbreak;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n}\nint main( void )\n{\n\tMutex lock;\n\tpthread_t t1, t2, t3, t4;\n    ThreadData *td1=new ThreadData(\"thread 1\",lock);\n    ThreadData *td2=new ThreadData(\"thread 2\",lock);\n    ThreadData *td3=new ThreadData(\"thread 3\",lock);\n    ThreadData *td4=new ThreadData(\"thread 4\",lock);\n\tpthread_create(&t1, NULL, route, (void*)td1);\n\tpthread_create(&t2, NULL, route, (void*)td2);\n\tpthread_create(&t3, NULL, route, (void*)td3);\n\tpthread_create(&t4, NULL, route, (void*)td4);\n\tpthread_join(t1, NULL);\n\tpthread_join(t2, NULL);\n\tpthread_join(t3, NULL);\n\tpthread_join(t4, NULL);\n    return 0;\n} \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
LockGuard guard(*td->lock),\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u52a0\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fc++\u91cc\u9762lock_guard\u548cmutex\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c.\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\u540c\u6b65\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e92\u65a5\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6539\u53d8\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u961f\u5217\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u53ea\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u4ed6\u4e0e\u9501\u6709\u4e9b\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u9501\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e92\u65a5\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5524\u9192\u6307\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5219\u662f\u5524\u9192\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0fdemo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#include\n#include\n#include\n#include\n#include\npthread_mutex_t lock=PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;\npthread_cond_t cond=PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;\n#define NUM 5\nint cnt=1000;\nvoid* thread_func(void*arg){\n    std::string name=(char*)arg;\n    while(true){\n        pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);\n        \/\/\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7b49\u5f85\n        pthread_cond_wait(&cond,&lock);\n        \/\/\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\n        std::cout<<\" wake up\"< threads;\n    for(int i=0;i<5;i++){\n        pthread_t tid;\n        std::string name=\"thread\"+std::to_string(i);\n       int ret=pthread_create(&tid,NULL,thread_func,(void*)name.c_str());\n       if(ret!=0){\n           continue;\n       }\n       threads.push_back(tid);\n       sleep(1);\n    }\n    while(true){\n        \/\/pthread_cond_signal(&cond);\n        pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond);\n        sleep(1);\n    }\n    for(auto&tid:threads){\n        int m=pthread_join(tid,NULL);\n    }\n    return 0;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e09.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
\u672c\u8d28<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7406\u89e3<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\uff1a\u7ade\u4e89\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e92\u65a5\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005: \u4e92\u65a5\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u4e92\u65a5\u548c\u540c\u6b65<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u4e2d\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u89d2\u8272\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u627f\u62c5\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u4e2a\u4ea4\u6613\u573a\u6240\uff1a\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u7ed3\u6784\u6784\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u76f4\"\u5185\u5b58\"\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u597d\u5904<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8fc7\u7a0b\u89e3\u8026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.\u652f\u6301\u5fd9\u95f2\u4e0d\u5747<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3.\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u57fa\u4e8eblockqueue\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u963b\u585e\u961f\u5217\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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 #pragma once\n#include\n#include\n#include\n#include\nconst int default_capacity=5;\ntemplate\nclass BlockQueue{\npublic:\n     BlockQueue(int cap=default_capacity):_cap(cap),csleep_num(0),psleep_num(0){\n        pthread_mutex_init(&_mutex,NULL);\n        pthread_cond_init(&_full_cond,NULL);\n        pthread_cond_init(&_empty_cond,NULL);\n     }\n     void Equeue(const T&val){\n        \/\/\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u8c03\u7528\n        pthread_mutex_lock(&_mutex);\n        while(IsFull()){\n            \/\/\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\n            \/\/\u5f53\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u8fd8\u8981\u7ade\u4e89_mutex\u8fd9\u628a\u9501\u624d\u80fd\u5411\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\n            psleep_num++;\n            \/\/\u4f2a\u5524\u9192\uff1a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e5f\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u4e86\n            pthread_cond_wait(&_full_cond,&_mutex);\n            psleep_num--;\n        }\n        \/\/\u4f7f\u7528while\u518d\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21100%\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f\u4f2a\u5524\u9192\n            \/\/\u5165\u961f\n            q.push(val);\n            \/\/\u901a\u77e5\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\n            if(csleep_num>0){\n                pthread_cond_signal(&_empty_cond);\n            }\n            pthread_mutex_unlock(&_mutex);\n     }\n     T Pop(){\n        \/\/\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u8c03\u7528\n        pthread_mutex_lock(&_mutex);\n        while(IsEmpty()){\n            \/\/\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\n            csleep_num++;\n            pthread_cond_wait(&_empty_cond,&_mutex);\n            csleep_num--;\n        }\n            \/\/\u51fa\u961f\n            T val=q.front();\n            q.pop();\n            \/\/\u901a\u77e5\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\n            if(psleep_num>0){\n                pthread_cond_signal(&_full_cond);\n            }\n            pthread_mutex_unlock(&_mutex);\n            return val;\n     }\n     ~BlockQueue(){\n        pthread_mutex_destroy(&_mutex);\n        pthread_cond_destroy(&_full_cond);\n        pthread_cond_destroy(&_empty_cond);\n     }\nprivate:\n     bool IsFull(){\n        return q.size()==_cap;\n     }\n     bool IsEmpty(){\n        return q.empty();\n     }\n    std::queue q;\n    int _cap;\/\/\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\n    pthread_mutex_t _mutex;\n    pthread_cond_t _full_cond;\/\/\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5524\u9192\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n    pthread_cond_t _empty_cond;\/\/\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5524\u9192\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\n    int csleep_num;\/\/\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\n    int psleep_num;\/\/\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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