{"id":389,"date":"2025-10-21T12:22:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T04:22:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/?p=389"},"modified":"2025-11-24T16:36:03","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T08:36:03","slug":"http","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/?p=389","title":{"rendered":"HTTP"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>HTTP \u662f \u201cHyperText Transfer Protocol\u201d \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u901a\u5e38\u8bd1\u4f5c\u201c\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u6765\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 HTML \u9875\u9762\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001API \u6570\u636e\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e TCP\/IP\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 80\uff08HTTPS \u662f 443\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ecf\u5178\u7248\u672c\uff1a<br>\u2013 HTTP\/1.1\uff081997\uff09\uff1a\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u5316\u3001\u5206\u5757\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<br>\u2013 HTTP\/2\uff082015\uff09\uff1a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5206\u5e27\u3001\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u3001\u5934\u90e8\u538b\u7f29\uff08HPACK\uff09\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u3002<br>\u2013 HTTP\/3\uff082022 \u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e QUIC\uff08UDP\uff09\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u961f\u5934\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0b\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e92\u76f8\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u7528 Cookie\/Session\/JWT \u7b49\u673a\u5236\u201c\u8865\u201d\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>url:<\/strong>\u5e73\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4fd7\u79f0\u7684 &#8220;\u2f79\u5740&#8221; \u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u7684 URL<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"838\" height=\"361\" src=\"http:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-392\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-16.png 838w, https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-16-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-16-768x331.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u672c\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1022\" height=\"670\" src=\"http:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-15.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-15.png 1022w, https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-15-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tgwttt.xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image-15-768x503.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1022px) 100vw, 1022px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>\u2022 \u2fb8\u2f8f: [\u2f45\u6cd5] + [url] + [\u7248\u672c] <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Header: \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5c5e\u6027, \u5192\u53f7\u5206\u5272\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9;\u6bcf\u7ec4\u5c5e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u2f64 \\r\\n \u5206\u9694;\u9047\u5230\u7a7a\u2f8f\u8868\u2f70 Header\u90e8\u5206\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Body: \u7a7a\u2f8f\u540e\u2faf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u662fBody. 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(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HTTP\u5e38\u2ec5\u2f45\u6cd5<\/strong><br>get\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>\u2f64\u9014\uff1a\u2f64\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42URL\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> \u2f70\u4f8b\uff1a GET \/index.html HTTP\/1.1\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u7ecf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u89e3\u6790\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>form\u8868\u5355\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.runoob.com\/html\/html-forms.html<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>POST\u2f45\u6cd5<br>\u2f64\u9014\uff1a\u2f64\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u2f64\u4e8e\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2f70\u4f8b\uff1a POST 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\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801301\uff08\u6c38\u4e45\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff09 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>\u2022 \u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56deHTTP 301\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u2f70\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6c38\u4e45\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u2f00\u4e2aLocation\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u2f64\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65b0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aLocation\u5934\u90e8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684URL\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u2f83\u52a8\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 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HTTP\/1.1\uff1a\u5728HTTP\/1.1\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u2f64\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5f53\u5ba2\u2f3e\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5c06\u4fdd\u6301\u6253\u5f00\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u2f64\u540c\u2f00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 HTTP\/1.0\uff1a\u5728HTTP\/1.0\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u2fae\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728HTTP\/1.0\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e Connection: keep-alive \u3002\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Connection: keep-alive \uff1a\u8868\u2f70\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u590d\u2f64TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Connection: close \uff1a\u8868\u2f70\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u95edTCP\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>for (;;) {\n    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;\n    socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);\n    int client_fd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &len);\n    if (client_fd < 0) {\n        perror(\"accept\");\n        continue;\n    }\n\n    char input_buf[1024 * 10] = {0};\n    ssize_t read_size = read(client_fd, input_buf, sizeof(input_buf) - 1);\n    if (read_size <= 0) {\n        close(client_fd);\n        continue;\n    }\n    input_buf[read_size] = '\\0';\n    printf(\"[Request] %s\\n\", input_buf);\n\n    const char* hello = \"<h1>hello world<\/h1>\";\n    char buf[1024] = {0};\n    sprintf(buf,\n        \"HTTP\/1.1 200 OK\\r\\n\"\n        \"Content-Type: text\/html\\r\\n\"\n        \"Content-Length: %lu\\r\\n\"\n        \"\\r\\n\"\n        \"%s\", strlen(hello), hello);\n\n    write(client_fd, buf, strlen(buf));\n    close(client_fd);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f8b\u5b50\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u5c31\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u6b22\u8fce\u6307\u51fa<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HTTP \u662f \u201cHyperText Transfer Protocol\u201d 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